Parsley, Petroselinum crispum; (Umbelliferae)

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(Labiatae)</A></div> <div> <A HREF="100hs_wormwood__artemisia_absinthium.htm" TARGET="_top" TITLE="Wormwood, Artemisia absinthium (Composit">Wormwood, Artemisia absinthium; (Compositae)</A></div> <div> <A HREF="100hs_yarrow__achillea_millefolium.htm" TARGET="_top" TITLE="Yarrow, Achillea millefolium (Compositae">Yarrow, Achillea millefolium; (Compositae)</A></div> <div> <A HREF="100hs_yellow_dock__rumex_crispus.htm" TARGET="_top" TITLE="Yellow Dock, Rumex crispus (Polygonaceae">Yellow Dock, Rumex crispus; (Polygonaceae)</A></div> <div> <A HREF="100hs_biblgiography.htm" TARGET="_top" TITLE="BIBLIOGRAPHY">BIBLIOGRAPHY</A></div> <bR> </td> <td valign="top" height=366 width="100%" colspan=2 BGCOLOR="#FFFFFF" TEXT="#080000"> <div> <TABLE BORDER="0" CELLPADDING="2" CELLSPACING="1" WIDTH="102" BORDERCOLORLIGHT="#C0C0C0" BORDERCOLORDARK="#808080" FRAME="BOX" RULES="ALL" ALIGN="RIGHT" HSPACE="0" VSPACE="0" > <tR> <tD VALIGN=TOP HEIGHT= 20 ><NOBR><div> <head> <SCRIPT LANGUAGE="JavaScript">  </script> </head> <A HREF="javascript:myprint()" TARGET="TRLX_Middle" TITLE="javascript:myprint()">Print this Page</A></div> </NOBR></tD> </tR> </TABLE></div> <div> <I><B>Parsley, Petroselinum crispum; (Umbelliferae)</B></I></div> <div> <I><B><IMG SRC="df957e20.jpg" border=0 width="343" height="226" ALIGN="RIGHT" HSPACE="0" VSPACE="0">DESCRIPTION</B></I></div> <div> Herbalists almost all agree that Parsley is so common that it needs no description!</div> <div> <I><B>GENERAL</B></I></div> <div> The humble Parsley is used as a popular garnish but is usually left uneaten. This is a pity since it is probably more nourishing than the concoctions which it garnishes. Often it is the only green on the plate! Parsley is also a remarkable diuretic which, among other things heals many complaints of the urinary system.</div> <div> Dr. Christopher told the story of a woman, Mrs. Hanger, who came to America from England while she was in her twenties. She was very sickly and wanted children but couldn't conceive so she went to the medical doctor. He told her that she had a kidney infection of a very progressive type that he could not treat and that she had six months left to live.</div> <div> She came home very discouraged and sat in her living room meditating. She heard a knock at the front door. There stood a bearded man in a gray suit. He said, “Sister Hanger, may I have a glass of water?” She gave him one although she didn't know him. He said, “Sit down a moment, I would like to talk to you.” She began to wonder how he knew her name. “I would like to help you if you would like me to,” he continued. “You have just come from the doctor who told you that you have a bad kidney condition. Well, you are from England and you have brought your herbs with you. In your little herb garden out in the back you have a nice stand of Parsley. If you will take a handful of Parsley each day and put it in a pint of water, cover and steep it, and drink it in regular doses during the day it will heal this condition. The doctor told you that you have only six months to live but I will tell you what you will see. You will see another depression.” And he went on a told her the things that would happen during her lifetime.  "And there will be a Third World War but you won't see this one; it will be after you go." When he had finished the short interview something momentarily distracted her attention and in that instant, he disappeared. Dr. Christopher spoke at her funeral, and it wasn't just six months after she was supposed to die. She was eighty-six years old and she had raised a number of wonderful children.</div> <div> Dr. Christopher gave a routine to help in cases of dropsy. He was especially sensitive to the horrors of this condition because when his mother died, her condition was very fast advanced and her body swelled up to the size so large that the door had to be removed from the hinges to get her body out to the ambulance which took her to the morgue. Her pain had been so severe during the final months but nothing could be done to give her relief As a young man Dr. Christopher was praying for a way to help her and felt frustrated that the doctors could do nothing at all. Dr. Christopher's routine is best told in this story:</div> <div> A lady came into the weekly herb lecture late, just a few minutes after they had gotten started. She asked if she could interrupt and tell something that had just happened to her. Dr. Christopher invited her to tell her story. Just after the last week's lecture she received a call from her brother-in-law in Chicago. He told her that if she wanted to see her twin sister alive she must fly back there immediately because the doctors had given her only a day or two to live. The student took a few days off from work and arrived in Chicago on the following Friday. She went in to see the sister and would not have recognized her if she hadn't been told who it was. Her sister was so badly swollen from edema (dropsy) that she seemed to be only a bloated, unrecognizable mass of flesh. She had been under doctor's care for several months and they had been unable to give her anything but temporary aid from the water accumulation. Now they were utterly baffled and had, at the family's request, sent her from the hospital to die in a day or two.</div> <div> The sick twin was in a coma, not recognizing anyone. The herb student wept to see her favorite sister lying there so helpless. With little school children needing their mother so much she asked the husband if he would allow her to use an herbal routine she had heard about at a lecture recently. He said the doctor was just waiting for the sister to die so to go ahead!</div> <div> The herb student found a little health food store nearby and bought some parsley root and glycerine. At that time she was only able to get animal glycerine but now the herbalists use vegetable glycerine which is superior. When she got back she made up Parsley root tea, one teaspoon of herb to a cup of water (or one ounce of the herb to the pint of water), making up about one gallon of the tea. One quart of the tea was used straight to give the patient orally and three quarts of the tea were mixed with equal parts of glycerine, making six quarts total of the combination, for fomentations.</div> <div> They would give a cup of Parsley tea each half hour to the patient to drink and the heated combination of glycerine and tea was used as a fomentation to the badly swollen legs, arms and abdomen. This was done by soaking white flannel cloths and laying them over the area, not allowing them to be come cold, but replacing whenever they cooled down. One can also use a hot water bottle over fomentations if they are not over a large area.</div> <div> As the patient lay there so helpless her sister remembered how to check the progress of the treatment. She was to lift the corner of the cloth, after the fomentation had been on for a short time, and watch to see if the pores were starting to take the water from the swollen areas. She said that as she looked it was like seeing hundreds of little springs coming from the body. She had never used this routine before and was walking by faith and it was a miracle to see it working. She had to fly back to work on Monday so she left all the instructions with the husband to continue on with the program that had been started.</div> <div> After work Tuesday she rushed home to get ready for the regular Tuesday night lecture. The phone rang. It was her brother-in-law from Chicago who said, “There is someone here who would like to talk with you.” He put his wife on the phone! She was so happy that she was crying. The swelling had gone down and she was recovering rapidly. In fact she said she had got the children's breakfast and fixed their school lunches that day. She was so grateful to be a mother again and not a dying patient. There were not many dry eyes in the lecture room when the student finished the story and it is a great routine to remember. One should store Parsley root or grow plenty of it so as to have it available in an emergency. Vegetable glycerine is also available and should be stored.</div> <div> <I><B>VICTORS' CROWN</B></I></div> <div> Parsley is thought to have originated in Sardinia, Turkey, Algeria and Lebanon where it still grows wild. In the rest of the world it is cultivated although some may grow wild from escapes. The Romans brought the Herb to England and the English carried and cultivated it throughout the world. It is completely naturalized in some parts of England and Scotland on old walls and rocks.</div> <div> The specific name Petroselinum from which our English name is derived is of classic origin and is said to have been assigned to it by Dioscorides. The ancients distinguished between two plants, selinon, one being celery, being called marsh selinon (heleioselinon) and the other, our Parsley, being called Oreoselinon, or mountain selinon or yetrocilium, meaning rock selinon. This last was corrupted into petrocilium and anglicized into petersylinge, petersilie, persele, percely, persil and finally Parsley. It is one of the 2,500 members of the Carrot family related to caraway seed, celery, chervil, coriander, dill, parsnip and the poisonous hemlock. You can see the resemblance in the leaves of the plant.</div> <div> In the earliest years of its history Parsley was the forerunner of Death. Later it became a good luck herb and even later a beauty herb. Today it is a most frequently used herb but one which is often unwisely discarded. It decorates most plates in lowly hamburger stands as well as in the finest restaurants but most people push it aside after the meal.</div> <div> In Greek mythology, Olfenich (early Greek for Parsley) first became the companion of Death when the child Archemorus, while sleeping on a Parsley leaf, was swallowed by a serpent. Since the child's name meant “before death” the omen indicated Death had selected the herb as his forerunner. When Greeks of ancient times said that a person was in need of Parsley it meant that he was at the point of death. They decorated tombs with wreaths of the fresh herb and carved its image on tombstones to bring good luck to the departed especially for those who may have departed to the underworld where they would meet Persephone, the Queen of Hades, to whom the herb was dedicated (Keller:266).</div> <div> Persephone, a beautiful young maiden of spring, was the only beloved daughter of King Zeus and his maiden sister Demeter. One sunny afternoon while Persephone was joyfully enjoying spring her cruel uncle, Hades, ruler of the Underworld, burst through a hole from Hell riding a chariot catapulted through the air by fire-breathing steeds. He seized her screaming to take her to his land of the Shadowy Moaning Dead, Homer related. Her Mother, goddess of the harvest wealth, who controlled all of the crops on earth refused to allow anything to grow so long as her only child was held captive. For one entire year nothing grew. No seed sprang up. The earth turned into a frozen desert. Zeus, ruler of the gods and the brother of Hades, demanded that he send the girl home. Otherwise everything would die. But Hades refused to listen as he greatly loved Persephone although she was very unhappy in the dark underworld. Rhea, the mother of all gods, ruled that Persephone should stay with Hades only a third part of the year. Up to that time man had enjoyed bounteous crops throughout all seasons. Then winter came. He had to learn to store his crops and began to fear Persephone and her symbol, the Parsley plant.</div> <div> The ancient Greeks' fear of the plant was well-known. When an experienced Greek army advanced to invade a young Celtic country the Celt king realized that his inexperienced troops would not be able to defend their land. So he sent long lines of asses covered with Parsley to meet the Greeks. When the invades saw the Parsley coming to engulf them they became panic stricken and fled.</div> <div> Later, the Greeks began to regard Parsley differently when an Indian mystic came to Greece during the time of Plutarch and tried to convince the people of its efficacy. He said that the Parsley actually drove away evil spirits. Then the herb became a symbol of good luck and supremacy over evil. The Greeks began to crown the victors of the Isthmian games with Parsley. Greeks wove head garlands of spring for their most beautiful girls to wear in festivals and included a few sprigs of Parsley.</div> <div> At drinking parties servants offered guests sprigs of crisp Parsley on cracked ice on silver trays. A few dubious guests excused themselves and went outside to test the sprigs by first feeding some to their horses. These horses not only survived but even ran home faster, so it became a tonic food for expensive colts (Keller:269). Homer said that the finest chariot horses were fed on the leaves of Parsley. Athletes noticing this began to eat parsley every day and since they were always virile people began to think that the herb was an aphrodisiac. It was grown in every private garden--as no one wanted to admit that they needed an aphrodisiac!</div> <div> Anciently in other countries it was also considered an herb of good luck. Romans would tuck a sprig of it in their togas in the morning to ensure a good and healthy day. The herb was connected with nuptials and brides wore a chaplet of flowers and Parsley on their heads. Bridegrooms were crowned with a garland of the herb as a symbol of victory while singers and dancers at the happy occasions wore sprigs of Parsley, rosemary and myrtle. Roman charioteers used the herb on their banquet tables to absorb the fumes of strong drinks and thus prevent drunkenness. It was also used to prevent bad breath at these extravaganzas.</div> <div> Romans also used the herb to keep their pools or ponds clean as it was considered to absorb the filthiness therein!</div> <div> Since Parsley is slow to germinate the superstition grew up that before it came it had to go to Satan and back seven times. Some believed that only a witch could grow it and that a fine harvest was assured only if it were planted on Good Friday or by a pregnant woman. Parsley was never transplanted because it was said to displease the herb and bring bad luck to the household. This is probably because Parsley doesn't transplant easily although we have taken up plants of it and potted them for winter use with perfect ease.</div> <div> The early Greeks also used Parsley medicinally. Its name partly means “stone” and “breaking stones” in the treatment of bladder and kidney complaints is one of its important uses. The Early Egyptians are said to have eaten Parsley to regulate their urine. Old Oaxaca Indians, however, used the herb as a headache remedy worn over the ear, or as a nosebleed deterrent, putting a sprig up in the nose until the bleeding stopped! The juice of the plant was used by the Oaxaca's for colic in children and wind in adults. The early Greeks used a decoction of the roots to strengthen the heart.</div> <div> Old English herbalist, Turner, said that it would cure sick fishes if it were thrown in their pond! Other old English uses include the use of the herb applied as a poultice and taken internally to dry up the milk of nursing mothers. It was also said to hinder conception something unwanted in olden days when people still enjoyed having children. Langham in 1579 said that it was good for epilepsy and fever. It was excellent for mastitis, he said, or swollen gums and testicles. It was helpful to clear up a black eye when applied, mixed with egg white. For dropsy, he said, it should be eaten daily with watercresses and mints.</div> <div> Culpepper writing in the 1600's said that the herb is comforting to the stomach, helping to provoke urine and menstruation, break wind and remove obstructions of the liver and spleen.</div> <div> The seeds he recommended to break kidney stones and the leaves would relieve inflamed eyes. The juice warmed and mixed with wine could be dropped into the ears to ease earache. The seeds, he said, were good against the cough, the danger of lethargy or the venom of any poisonous creature.</div> <div> <I><B>USES OF PARSLEY</B></I></div> <div> Isn't it good to know that this common herb is a potent one as well? Dr. Christopher taught that Parsley works on the gall bladder and will help remove gallstones. He said that it is a specific for the adrenal glands, is powerfully therapeutic for the optic nerves, the brain nerves, and the whole sympathetic nervous system. He said that it is a remarkable remedy for expelling watery poisons, excess mucus, flatulence, reducing swollen and enlarged glands, etc.</div> <div> Parsley has long been used as a healer for the urinary tract. In bladder infections which are particularly troublesome because they are rarely cleared up except with the use of antibiotics (and they can make you so sick that you can barely walk), Parsley works very well especially if taken with equal parts of echinacea and marshmallow root (Tie:107). However, Parsley is a warming herb Tierra says, and should be avoided when there are acute infections or inflammations present, especially of the kidneys. Parsley root tea will help remove all stones including gallstones and kidney stones if they are not too large. One doctor who made a trip to Holland was surprised to see medical doctors prescribing Parsley tea for kidney stone and other kidney and related complaints, including pressure of the prostate. He returned to his practice at home and began prescribing the same remedy with the same good results (Luc:Herbal:89). Parsley taken with boiled onions is said to be good to remove gallstones although some writers prescribe juniper berries instead of the onions which would also be a great specific for the urinary tract (Coon: 154).</div> <div> One gentleman in his sixties was in great distress because he was unable to urinate. The doctor catheterized him several times and told him that he would have to undergo an operation. It was then discovered that the man had sugar in his urine and the operation was deemed too dangerous until the diabetes was under control. The patient's osteopath finally prescribed Parsley tea. The results were astonishing. Not only was he able to urinate freely but every trace of sugar disappeared from his urine. After first drinking the tea a lot of offensive substance came away in his urine. But it soon became normal and the patient was soon playing his normal rounds of golf with enjoyment and with no further thoughts of an operation (Luc:84). To void urine Dr. Christopher specifically recommended combining the Parsley with Juniper berries.</div> <div> Dr. Shook reminded us that Parsley is one of those herbs that have to be taken abundantly to be of any permanent benefit. That is all right because it is such a pleasant herb! He mentioned that when there is suppression of the urine and dropsy a treatment similar to the one described in the introduction as employed by Dr. Christopher could be used but he also said that after applying the fomentation to cover it with a sheet of plastic and a towel, and then with an electric hot pad, leaving this on for twenty or thirty minutes. After removing the hot application, he said, apply a cold but not iced towel for just one minute. He said that this application was very important and not to omit it although Dr. Christopher's treatment got very good results without it (Hei:60).</div> <div> The Parsley root is the part used to relieve strangury (painful suppressed urination) and attacks of gravel. If the stones are not too large to pass the decoction will help remove them and relieve the pain. Parsley tea was useful during the Second World War when the men in the trenches got kidney complications when suffering from dysentery (Gri:6 14).</div> <div> The root is also important for treating diseases of the liver and gallbladder. It can be used with a small amount of licorice or marshmallow root for the treatment ofjaundice, asthma, water retention, and coughs (Tie: 108). It is said to be excellent to remove obstructions of the liver and spleen (Mal:97).</div> <div> Medical doctors have sometimes used the Parsley tea for the treatment of diabetes uncomplicated by prostate trouble.</div> <div> In Sweden the tea is drunk as a brain tonic and preventative medicine. Lucas describes the use of raw Parsley or Parsley tea for improving the action of the brain (Luc:85).</div> <div> It's perhaps fortunate that Parsley is served with so many meals as it can help relieve gas in the system. Dr. Shook lamented the ignorance of many parents in feeding their infants as they are then subject to cramps, aches, pains, colic, spasms and convulsions through indigestion. Many parents used to give their children paregoric to keep them quite which is nothing but an opiate derivative and very dangerous to the child. Instead, Dr. Shook recommended a combination which comes from England and in his opinion there is no better remedy for babies' and children's ailments in all the world. (See Formula's)</div> <div> A hot lotion of the seeds will relive the irritation of all kinds of insect stings. The seeds made into decoction, can be cooled and steeped about seven hours and then rubbed into the hair to clear away head lice and any other such vermin. You can massage the head scalp with the lotion of seeds and leaves to stimulate the growth of hair, check baldness (as long as the hair follicles are still alive) and remove dandruff (Lev:Common: 109).</div> <div> Whether it's true or not some herbalists said that Parsley helped favor conception (while other said that it was a contraceptive. This contradiction should prevent anyone from relying on it for either use)! It was also supposed to be a Love Philtre wherefrom anyone would get someone to fall in love with him or her. For this purpose it was made into an infusion with champagne and cooled.</div> <div> Parsley is also good for alleviating the afterpains of childbirth if taken in tea (Mal:97). For other female ailments it is said to help in cases of painful menstruation, scanty menstruation, or any other malfunctions of the female system. It has also been used in cases of fetid menstruation. The medicine should be commenced four or five days before the expected menstruation.</div> <div> Parsley is also said to be effective for making a woman or man beautiful. Dutch women have used it for sweet breath, clear skin, lustrous hair and slim figures. Their husbands used it for vermin in the hair and to prevent baldness. Keller says that while no one should count on magical remedies to bring about beauty a certain routine should firm the chin line, reduce bags under the eyes, take away puffy eyelids and restore a youthful color to the skin within a few weeks. Here is her prescription: Drink two large glasses of hot water upon arising and two more just before retiring. Drink four more glasses of cold water during the day. Use no alcohol, coffee, milk, fruit juices, or carbonated beverages. Eat 1 entire bunch of fresh Parsley with one of your meals (Keller:275).</div> <div> Herbalists have often said that Parsley, like Chickweed, is a reducing herb. Simply munching on the root was once thought sufficient to “make thin”. However, as we will demonstrate below there are many ways to include Parsley in the diet to help reduce. Dr. Christopher especially recommended using the herb in a daily green drink which blends Parsley and other greens (comfrey being especially valuable) in a base of pineapple juice, broth, or plain water. This preserves the complete nutrients of the plant in their natural form and it tastes good.</div> <div> In France, a popular remedy for scrofulous swellings is green Parsley and snails pounded in a mortar to an ointment, spread on linen and applied daily. The bruised leaves applied externally have been said to dispel tumor suspected to be of a cancerous nature (Gri:614). It is thought to be one of the effective anti-cancer remedies. It is rich in potassium and cancer germs cannot live in potassium (Klo:29 1).</div> <div> The juice is applied to the skin in the summertime for use as a non-toxic insect repellent. The whole herb is effective against bad breath and people who take garlic often take Parsley to avoid offending.</div> <div> Chinese use of the herb includes relief of kidneys and bladder. It is said to remove irritation, congestion, inflammation or weakness of these organs. It is also claimed to be helpful in cases of kidney and bladder calculi (Luc:Secrets:125).</div> <div> In India the herb is used as a culinary article and also as a diuretic. The leaves are applied to the breasts to dry up milk and they are used, bruised as a poultice for sore eyes. The oil, apiol, which is extremely potent is used in minute doses for painful or difficult menstruation and also for epileptic fits (IMM:934).</div> <div> <I><B>SOUPS AND SAUCES AND SAVORIES</B></I></div> <div> Parsley can be used in almost any kind of food and is therefore a good herb to include in the daily diet. It is thought to be a good disease preventative. Parsley contains much calcium, potassium, iron, copper and chlorophyll. It is also a good source of vitamins A, C and E. It contains niacin, riboflavin, thiamine, phosphorus, sulfur, magnesium and silicon. Many people think that you can't get enough Parsley in the diet to maintain good health, however, the Spanish gypsies say that too much Parsley will make you look old before your time (Lev:Common: 108). Rose recommends eating a daily salad of Parsley, rosemary, alfalfa sprouts and a bit of lettuce, sprinkled with olive oil, minced garlic and freshly squeezed lemon juice (Rose:Herbs:94).</div> <div> There are several ways to enjoy fresh Parsley in the diet. We usually serve a salad plate of finger vegetables and Parsley ranks high with the children in our family. It's especially appreciated when the Parsley comes from our own garden.</div> <div> The Italian pesto is often made with Parsley when fresh basil is not plentiful. In a blender, place 2 bunches of chopped parsley and 3 bunches of chopped basil. Add 3 cloves of garlic, 1/4 pound of pine nuts, 1 slice of butter and olive oil enough to make a thick paste. If the fresh basil is not available you can substitute more Parsley and use dried basil, about two or three tablespoons. If the pine nuts are not available you can omit them or replace with roasted sunflower seeds. Pesto is served over spaghetti in place of sauce and it is used as a dollop to top minestrone soup.</div> <div> You can roll small, cooked new potatoes in melted lemon butter (1 part lemon juice to 3 parts butter) and then roll in minced Parsley. You can sprinkled the minced Parsley over almost any cooked vegetable. You can add the minced herb to soup or stew just after it is completely cooked but about ten minutes before serving. We enjoy a simple Parsley soup:</div> <div> In a blender put milk, herb salt, soup herbs and chopped Parsley to taste. Blend well and heat till almost boiling. Two blenders full should serve a family of six. You can serve with a pat of butter. If you do not use dairy products, you can make its this soup quite well with nut or soy milk.</div> <div> We make potato soup by boiling potatoes and onions in water to cover. When they are done we add lots of chopped parsley and sometimes milk and butter and season to taste. This is a favorite soup with children and an excellent, healthy one.</div> <div> Keller recommends a Parsley sandwich. Butter heavily two thin slices of whole-rye or whole-wheat bread. Fill with mashed avocado, several dashes of tabasco sauce and minced Parsley. This is said to be a healthful sandwich and it is really a delicious one.</div> <div> The Dutch use Parsley to add to any food which has had too much vinegar added. The Parsley corrects the flavor.</div> <div> An interesting treatment of Parsley replaces the heavy sometimes unhealthy french fries or french-fried onions. Dip sprigs of Parsley into parmesan cheese. Immerse for a few seconds in hot oil, drain, salt and serve.</div> <div> <I><B>USES FOR ANIMALS</B></I></div> <div> Parsley is said to be poisonous to birds, particularly to parrots. However, hares and rabbits seek it and eat it avidly. Sheep also seek it and if they eat enough of it, it prevents foot-rot. It can be given to livestock when green herbs are wanted if the household feels it can spare it!</div> <div> <I><B>HISTORICAL USES</B></I></div> <div> It can be a diuretic, used for kidney infection, dropsy, edema, bladder problems, to strengthen the heart, nosebleed, to dissolve stones, headache, as a poultice, to dry up mother's milk, for mastitis, swollen gums and swollen testicles, for black eyes, to provoke menstruation, cure breaking wind, to comfort the stomach, to remove the liver and spleen obstructions, for inflamed eyes, earache, cough, lethargy, as an anti-venom, for liver and gall bladder stones, for the adrenal glands, optic nerves, brain nerves, and whole sympathetic nerve system, for swollen and enlarged glands, prostate pressure, jaundice, asthma, colic and other digestion problems, diabetes, as a brain tonic, as a preventative medicine, for insect stings, lice and other vermin, for conception, help afterpains of childbirth, to sweeten the breath, to clear skin and make lustrous hair, to firm the chin line, to reduce bags under the eyes, and for puffy eye lids, for weight loss, to dispel tumors and for epileptic fits.</div> <div> <I><B>FORMULA</B></I></div> <div> Dr. Shook remedy to relieve gas or indigestion.</div> <div> 2 ounces Parsley seed crushed or powdered</div> <div> 2 ounces caraway seed crushed or powdered</div> <div> 2 ounces dried rhubarb, cut</div> <div> 1 ounce cinnamon bark, powdered</div> <div> 1 quart distilled water</div> <div> Put the herbs into the water and let stand for twelve hours. Bring to boil, then cover and simmer slowly for one hour. Strain and return to saucepan. Add 1 ½ pounds brown sugar and ½ ounce of essence of peppermint. Cover and let stand until cold. Bottle and cap tightly, refrigerating. If you wish to keep at room temperature add 25% its volume in vegetable glycerine.</div> <div> <I><B>CULTIVATION, COLLECTION, PREPARATION</B></I></div> <div> The best type of soil for Parsley is a fertile humus with good moisture holding capacity. Well-rotted compost is excellent for fertilizer, worked into the soil with a hoe or by roto-tilling. Avoid manure however as this attracts flies and could result in an infestation of maggots.</div> <div> You can sow Parsley as early as February although it takes as much as a month to germinate in cold conditions. The largest sowing is usually done in April and this provides lots of plant material for late-summer gathering. You can sow in August for plants to be taken indoors or to be put into cold frames for winter use. An even broadcast sowing is preferred and the ground can be raked smooth and then lightly trodden to keep the seed in place during the often long germination period. The seed should be only slightly covered, not more than 1/4 inch deep. Be sure that your young chickens don't scratch out your seed (ours did). It is generally said that you mustn't disturb Parsley once it is sown but we have transplanted it and it really can be done with ease. You can also thin plants if desired. A well-grown plant will cover a foot in area. Keep your plants well watered, as the hot summer sun can dry them right up. Be sure to keep the area free of weeds especially at first. Later, when the plants are well-established you can apply a hay or straw mulch to conserve moisture and keep the weeds down.</div> <div> Parsley is primarily used fresh and you can pick it every day when the plant is mature. It is a biannual which means that it will make good growth the first year and then die back with the frost. The second year it makes spectacular growth and can be used freely in the spring if it is growing in a sheltered place. However, it quickly goes to seed which can be avoided by cutting the plants back as soon as they seem to begin to shoot. You can cut the plants back if their growth gets coarse as well, watering well afterwards to encourage much fine growth after. We like planting Parsley in a sheltered place in the fall to enjoy an early-spring growth.</div> <div> The harvested plant to be dried should be placed on screens and quickly dried in an airy, warm place. Oven-drying may be necessary to complete the process. Sometimes the herb loses a little of its intense green color during the drying process but the flavor and nutritional value should remain the same. Home-grown and dried Parsley is much preferable to the store-bought type which is quite expensive and might have been grown with chemicals.</div> <div> You can use the dried Parsley freely as you would the minced fresh Parsley.</div> <div> The curly-leaved Parsley is generally preferred in gardens. It is also preferred because Fool's Parsley, which looks a lot like plain-leaved Parsley but which is extremely poisonous, can be mistaken for it. The Fool's Parsley however doesn't smell like genuine Parsley and doesn't taste like i, either, should a person dare to try it. However, plain-leaved Parsley winters better than the curly-leaf variety. We live in a rather severe climate, yet our Parsley plants sheltered in a moist place by the side of our house put out new shoots during warm spells in the wintertime!</div> <div> <I><B>RELATED PLANTS</B></I></div> <div> Parsley Piert, Alchemilla arvensis, is not botanically related to Parsley but it is sometimes used similarly, especially for bladder stones. It is also used for problems with bladder and kidneys. It is sometimes used as a salad herb.</div> <div> Fool's Parsley, Aethusa cynauium, is of the same family and is sometimes mistaken for Parsley. It is less poisonous then Hemlock though it is quite poisonous. It has been used as a stomachic and sedative for gastro-intestinal problems and for summer diarrhea.</div> <div> <I><B>TOXICITY</B></I></div> <div> The herb itself cannot really be overeaten. Even if taken in green drink it is self-limiting! However, the apiol content dries up the nursing mother's milk so such ladies shouldn't take the herb in large quantities. Really large doses may cause congestion of the membrane lining of the uterus, so pregnant women should use the herb in moderation (Neb:74).</div> <div> The real danger lies in the extractive called apiol. Dr. Christopher said that we should use the herbs in their whole form and in that case there is no danger. Sometimes apiol causes polyneuritis. One pregnant woman took six grams of the oil within a forty-eight hour period and then experienced dizziness, nausea, vomiting, urticaria, swollen liver and mild icterus (Spoerke: 133). However, this misuse is rare and we doubt that anyone will have any problems taking toxic doses of Parsley.</div> <div> <I><B>CHEMICAL COMPOSITION</B></I></div> <div> Parsley contains a volatile oil rich in apiol. In some varieties apiol is almost entirely replaced by myristicin. These are both considered uterine stimulants.</div> <div> <I><B>RECENT FINDINGS</B></I></div> <div> Some people have incurred contact dermatitis from handling Parsley plants (“Contact dermatitis from Parsley”, Contact Dermatitis, April 1980, Volume 6 No. 3, pages 233-4).</div> <div> Parsley, along with other fresh vegetables tested retained harmful bacteria because of being watered with waste water in both Mexico and Lebanon and Italy. It should be washed well with a biodegradable detergent or perhaps with a mild Clorox bath and then well rinsed before eating if such contamination is at all possible.</div> <div> <I><B>DR. CHRISTOPHER'S COMBINATIONS CONTAINING PARSLEY</B></I></div> <div> Prospallate, the herbal combination to heal the prostate and related areas, contains Parsley.</div> <div> Garlic, Rose Hips and Garlic, the combination to fight the common cold and other such ailments, contains Parsley.</div> <div> SHA tea, which helps control allergies and hayfever, contains the Parsley root.</div> <div> CSK, the combination, the formula to help with weight loss, contains Parsley.</div> <div> BPE, used to strengthen the circulatory system, contains Parsley Root.</div> <div> Juni-Pars, a mild diuretic, contains Parsley Root.</div> <div> DRI, a urinary tract formula, contains Parsley Root.</div> <div> Kelp-T-Comb, contains Parsley Root.</div> <div> <IMG SRC="e90b32a0.jpg" border=0 width="435" height="554" ALIGN="BOTTOM" HSPACE="0" VSPACE="0"></div> <bR> </td> </tr><tr> <td valign="top" colspan=2 height=24 BGCOLOR="#FFFBF0" TEXT="#080000" bgproperties="fixed" background="cc203181eearkz.gif"> <div>  <A HREF="100hs_papaya__carica_papaya.htm" TARGET="_top" TITLE="Papaya, Carica papaya (Caricaceae)">100HS Papaya, Carica papaya</A> < Previous  |  Next > <A HREF="100hs_peach__prunus_persica.htm" TARGET="_top" TITLE="Peach, Prunus persica (Rosaceae)">100HS Peach, Prunus persica</A></div> <bR> </td> </tr></table></body>